Due process 正當(dāng)程序也叫due process of law 法律的正當(dāng)程序，以下是韋式詞典對(duì)其的解釋?zhuān)?/p>

1: a course of formal proceedings (such as legal proceedings) carried out regularly and in accordance with established rules and principles

— called also procedural due process

2: a judicial requirement that enacted laws may not contain provisions that result in the unfair, arbitrary, or unreasonable treatment of an individual

— called also substantive due process

根據(jù)以上解釋?zhuān)梢钥闯稣?dāng)程序主要指程序上的正當(dāng)法律程序（procedural due process）和實(shí)質(zhì)上的正當(dāng)法律程序（substantive due process）。起初在美國(guó)，正當(dāng)程序主要指程序上的正當(dāng)法律程序，即個(gè)人有權(quán)按照法律法規(guī)的規(guī)定獲得公正、正當(dāng)?shù)膶徟?；后?lái)，在不斷的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，這一外延得以擴(kuò)大，加入了實(shí)質(zhì)上的正當(dāng)法律程序，即最高法院可以正當(dāng)程序?yàn)橛蓪?duì)聯(lián)邦和各州的法律的實(shí)質(zhì)性?xún)?nèi)容進(jìn)行審查。一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)某些內(nèi)容與憲法相違背的，最高法院可宣布上述內(nèi)容違憲，這其中主要涉及的是公民的生命、自由和財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)。

以下是其在句子中的翻譯：

Lastly, the Court ruled that slaves—as chattel or private property—could not be taken away from their owners without due process.

最后，法院判決奴隸——作為動(dòng)產(chǎn)或稀有財(cái)產(chǎn)——不經(jīng)正當(dāng)程序不得離開(kāi)自己的主人。

The court held that exercise of personal jurisdiction must meet the requirements of due process.

法院裁定行使人參管轄權(quán)必須符合正當(dāng)程序要件。

轉(zhuǎn)載自：譯問(wèn)作者：旗渡法務(wù)中心